Index

• Adenostema fasciculatum, heathlike shrub, its influence on the physiognomy of Sierra landscapes, 142.
• Age of trees, pine, 69, 104, 107, 108, 114, 275; libocedrus, 118; juniper, 124; fir, 275, 276; sequoia, 260, 275-280, 297, 299.
• Alaska, plants and animals of, 7-11.
• Alpenglow, 74.
• Apple, wild, 22, 23.
• Aspen, 131
• Aster, 164
• Avalanches, snow, 27, 251-255; rock, 140, 259.
• Azalea, 146, 181, 303.
• Axe clearings, 101.
• Bear-hunters, 353; Duncan, 179; David Brown and his dog Sandy, 181.
• Bears, 28, 52, 57, 144, 314; food of Sierra, 172,; interviews with 174, 177; tracks, 178; and sheep, 185.
• Beaver, 16, 25, 53.
• Beaver, mountain, 201.
• Beaver meadows, 23, 37.
• Birds, of the Yosemite Park, 213.
• Blackberries, 24.
• Bogs, 139, 166.
• Brodia, 23, 155.
• Bryanthus, 148.
• California, floweriness of, 137.
• Calochortus, 23, 145.
• Calypso borealis, 7, 23.
• Camassia, 156.
• Campanula, 282.
• Camping, 56, 133, 161, 163.
• Cañon, the Grand, of the Colorado, 35; Yellowstone, 49; Merced, 259; Tuolumne, 259.
• Cañons of the Sierra, 83.
• Cassiope, 147.
• Cathedral Peak, 90.
• Ceanothus, 145.
• Cedar, incense, 116; red, 123, 273.
• Chambatia foliolosa, a forest carpet, 143.
• Chaparral, 142, 144, 146.
• Cherry, 23, 146.
• Chestnut, 22.
• Chinquapin, 146.
• Chipmunk, 196.
• Climates of the Sierra, 138, 160, 161, 164.
• Clintonia, 18, 23.
• Clouds, 77, 164, 276, 281.
• Colds, 133.
• Coyote, 194.
• Crow, Clarke, 228.
• Crystals, 161.
• Currants, 24.
• Cypripedium, 156.
• Daisy, 94, 149.
• Danger, 28, 57, 133, 184, 208.
• Deer, 189, 315.
• Deserts, 6.
• De Soto, 71.
• Diver, great northern, 227.
• Dog, Carlo, 175; Sandy, 181.
• Dogwood, flowering, 22, 130.
• Douglas, David, in forests of Oregon, 110.
• Duck-hunters, 353.
• Ducks, 226.
• Dwarf willow, 94.
• Eagle, 228.
• Earthquake, 261; ancient, 265; taluses, formation of, 260; influence on cañon scenery, 265.
• Emerson, his visit to Yosemite and the Mariposa Grove of Big Trees, 131, 235.
• Eriogonum, 149, 166.
• Erythronium, 23, 31.
• Farm lands of Washington and Oregon, 24, 25.
• Ferns, 149, 160; Woodwardia, 149; Pteris, 150; Pellaea, five species of, 151; Cryptogramme, 151; Phegopteris, 151; Cheilanthes, three species of, 152;
• Adiantum, two species, 152.
• Fir. See Silver fir.
• Floods, 256.
• Floral cascades, 159.
• Flower beds of the Sierra, 142.
• Flowers, of pine, spruce, fir, and hemlock, 168, 169; sequoia, 284.
• Forest fires, 297, 307, 335, 352, 356-359.
• Forest picture, 302.
• Forest Reservations, Rocky Mountain, 15; Pacific Coast, 19, 31, 34; opposition to, 24, 360; wildness of, 24.
• Forest Reserve, Black Hills, 13; Bitter Root, 16; Flathead, 17; Sierra, 31; Grand Cañon, 34.
• Forest sepulchres, 64.
• Forests, growing interest in, 2, 5, 33; of the Cascade Mountains, 22; fossil, 60; of the Yellowstone Park, 67; Sierra, 80, 98-136; Giant, of the Kaweah, 300; of the Tule River, 318; American, 331; destruction of, 336, 344; influence on streams, 337, 346, 359; management of, 337-365; redwood ( Sequoia semper-virens ), 347-352.
• Fountains of the Sierra, 241, 245.
• Fritillaria, 23, 156.
• Frogs, 211.
• Frost crystals, 165.
• Gardens, wild, of California, 5; the East, 6; Alaska, 7; Black Hills, 14; Rocky Mountains, 18, 19; Cascade Mountains, 23, 30; Sierra, 137-142; forest 155; cliff, 157; wall, 159; pot-hole, shadow, alpine, 160; winter, 161; meadow, 163; sky, Mono, and tree, 167.
• Gaultheria, 23, 350.
• Geese, 225.
• General Grant National Park and tree, 298.
• Gentians, 94, 142, 164.
• Geyser basins, 43, 44.
• Geyser craters, 46.
• Geysers, 38, 41, 43, 53; distribution of, 55.
• Giants of Sierra forests, 108; Western, 116.
• Glacial action, 84, 92, 96, 138.
• Glacial and post-glacial denudation, 84, 89.
• Glacial period, 64, 65, 78, 96, 242.
• Glacier lakes, 78, 95.
• Glacier landscapes, 65, 91.
• Glacier meadows, 37, 163.
• Glacier monuments, 84.
• Glacier pavements, 83, 84-86.
• Glacier sparrow, 231.
• Glaciers, 19, 30, 64, 78; of the Sierra, 95; ancient Tuolumne, 88, 90.
• Goat, wild, 24, 29.
• Gold, influence of, 11, 361.
• Goldenrods, 17, 142, 164.
• Gray, Asa, 33.
• Great Basin, the, 94.
• Grouse, 215.
• Hackmatack, 18.
• Hawks, 228.
• Hayden, F. V., his work exploring the Yellowstone region, and getting it set apart as a national park, 39.
• Hazel, 23, 146.
• Hazel Green, 81.
• Heathworts, 23, 147.
• Hemlock, mountain, 125, 170.
• Home-going, 98.
• Honeysuckle, 142, 147.
• Hooker, Sir Joseph, 33.
• Hothouses, natural, 161.
• Hot springs, 38, 41, 43, 54.
• Huckleberries, 24.
• Hulsea, 167.
• Hunters and trappers, 51, 58.
• Indian summer, 165, 283, 316.
• Indians, 24, 51, 263; their orchards, 105; hunting grounds, 14, 122, 193; tame, 317.
• Johnson, Dr., on the trees of Scotland, 108.
• Joliet and Father Marquette on the upper Mississippi, 71.
• Juniper, western, 123, 273.
• Lakes, McDonald, 18; Avalanche, 19; Yellowstone, 47, 70; Mono, 94, Tahoe, 48; Tenaya, 86.
• Landscapes, new, 8; changes in, 4; of the Sierra, 87.
• Landslip, 287.
• Larch, western, 18; Lyall, 18.
• Lark, meadow, 238.
• La Salle, 71.
• Lewis and Clark, 28.
• Library, geological, 59.
• Light, 82, 165.
• Lightning, 276.
• Lilies, 23, 153, 155, 350.
• Linna borealis and companions, 18, 50.
• Lizards, 204.
• Log houses, 288, 305, 320.
• Loggers, 29.
• Lumbering in the Sierra, 100.
• Man influence on landscapes, 4.
• Manzanita, 143.
• Maple, 22, 130.
• Mariposa tulip, 155.
• Marmot, 17, 199.
• Meadows, glacier, 37, 163; in sequoia woods, 296, 302.
• Monardella, 282.
• Moneses, 18.
• Monument, the Glacier, 87.
• Mosses, 22.
• Mt. Rainier, 30; Amethyst, 60, 73; Washburn, 66; Dana, 90, 93; Lyell, McClure, Gibbs, 90; Hoffman, 161.
• Mountaineering, 285, 306.
• Mountains, the Western, 2; new, 4; Cascade, 19; Olympic, 19; Rocky, 12-18, 37, 38; Sierra, 76.
• Mud, 44.
• Mule, Brownie, 285, 295, 301; his prayer, 318.
• Names, 58.
• Nature, 56, 73, 97, 332; laboratories of, 44.
• Night air, 133.
• Nights, 165
• Nuts, pine, 103.
• Oaks, California black, 128; gold-cup live-oak, 128.
• Orchids, 23, 156.
• Ousel, water, 29, 52, 238.
• Owens River water, 246.
• Parks, national, of the West, 12; Mt. Rainier, 30; Yellowstone, 37; Yomesite, 76; animals of, 172, 201; birds, 213; General Grant and Sequoia, 298, 328, 329; management of, 40, 351.
• Petrified forests, 38, 60.
• Phlox, 94.
• Pika, 162, 201.
• Pine, yellow, 13, 112, 115; contorted, lodge-pole, Murray, two leaved, tamarack, 15, 18, 67, 68, 83, 121, 122; mountain, 18, 108; Sabine, 102; hard cone (attenuata), 103; dwarf, 106; sugar, 100, 109; nut, 105; white, 68, 105.
• Plover, 227.
• Plum, 23.
• Polemonium, alpine, 167.
• Poplar, 130.
• Primrose, shrubby, 147.
• Prospectors, 289, 352.
• Pyrola, 18.
• Quail, mountain, 219; valley, 222.
• Railroads in western forests, 357.
• Rain, 26.
• Raspberries, 24.
• Rat, wood, 201.
• Rattlesnakes, 28, 57, 206.
• Redwood, 100, 268.
• Reservations, See Forest Reservations.
• Rhododendron, 23, 146, 350.
• Ribes, 282.
• River, the Yellowstone, 48; Mississippi, 71; Columbia, 73; Missouri, 73; Colorado, 73; Tuolumne, 95, 258; Merced, 95, 258; San Joaquin, 95.
• Rivers, 37; Sierra, 242.
• Riverside trees, 130.
• Robin, 236.
• Rock ferns, 149.
• Rose, 23, 147, 282.
• Rubus, 147.
• Sage-cock, 214.
• Salmon berries, 24.
• Sandhill crane, 227.
• Sanger Lumber Co., 298.
• Sarcodes, 281.
• Sawmills, in sequoia woods, 292, 298, 299, 319, 351.
• Scenery, habit, 2, 3; best, care-killing, 17; cañon, 259, 266.
• Seed collectors, 101.
• Seeds of conifers, 120.
• Sequoia ditches, 291.
• Sequoia gigantea, 268; cones, 274; age, 275; death, 276; groves in spring, 281; summer, 282; autumn, 283; winter, 283; studies, 285; seedlings, 297; young trees, 288, 296; oldest, 297; size of, 294, 322; durability of wood, 291; gum, 292; groves of Yosemite Park, 109; Mariposa Grove, 286, 328; Fresno Grove, 287-292; Dinky Grove, 293; forests of Kings River, 295; Kaweah and Tule river basins, 300, 314, 316; distribution of, 322, 325; permanence of the species, 323; influence on streams, 324, 329.
• Shake-makers, 298, 353.
• Sheep, wild, 194; hoofed locusts, 317, 318, 352.
• Shepherds, 33, 185, 293, 317.
• Sierra climate, change of, 324.
• Silex pavements, 46.
• Silver fir, alpine, 31, 68, 170; magnificent, 83, 118, 170; white, noble, grand, and lovely, 119, 170.
• Snow, 26, 247.
• Snow avalanches, 251.
• Snow plant (Sarcodes), 156, 281.
• Snowstorms, 249, 283.
• Soil, 65, 67; moraine, 100, 138; crystal, 140, 161; earthquake boulder, 140, 259.
• Sparrow, the glacier, 231.
• Spira, 142.
• Spiritual world, the, 74.
• Springs, 244, 245; soda, 247.
• Spruce, Engelmann, 14, 68; Douglas, 19, 22, 68, 100, 116; Sitka, 170.
• Squirrels, 19, 52, 192, 194, 274, 284.
• Storms, 267.
• Streams of the Sierra, 241, 246, 248; in spring, 256; in summer and autumn, 257.
• Sunflowers, crystal, 162.
• Swamps, 7.
• Talus, earthquake, 140, 259.
• Tamarack, 18.
• Thoreau, his description of the pistillate flowers of the white pine, 169; on the destruction of trees and shrubs, 356.
• Torreys, 131.
• Tourists, 21, 27, 53.
• Trapper, 57.
• Travel, modern, 1, 50, 56.
• Tree flowers, 168; how best to see them, 165.
• Tree gardens, 167.
• Trout, 18, 48, 67, 211.
• Tumion, 131.
• Tundra, Alaska, 7.
• Vaccinium, 18, 94, 148.
• Valley, Central, of California, 5, 137.
• Violets, 142, 281.
• Volcanic cones, 30, 94.
• Volcanic rocks, 60.
• Volcanic storms, 61.
• Volcanoes, 30; mud, 51.
• Water, action of, on soilbeds, 138.
• Water, Owens River, 246.
• Waterfalls, Yellowstone, 49; Kaweah, 300.
• Wildness, 2; unchangeable, 4.
• Willow, dwarf, 94.
• Wind, action of, on soilbeds, 139.
• Woodchuck, 199.
• Woodpeckers, 233, 282.
• Wood-rat, 201.

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